der-1 (: dōr-, der-) or dōr- : dǝr-

    der-1 (: dōr-, der-) or dōr- : dǝr-

    English meaning: hand span, *hands

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘spanne der Hand”

    Material: Gk. δῶρον “palm, span of the hand” (measurement of length), ὀρθόδωρον “ the distance from the wrist to the fingertip “, Hom. ἑκκαιδεκάδωρος “16 spans long “, zero grade ark. acc. δά̄ριν σπιθαμήν Hes. (lak. δάρειρ Hes. is false spelling for δάρις, Schwyzer Gk. I 506); Alb. (*du̯or-) dorë “hand” from *dōrom (M. La Piana IF. 58, 98); [conservative stem of plural forms (Alb. phonetic trait)] Phonetic mutations: Alb. (*du̯or-) dorë “hand” : Gk. δῶρον “palm, span of the hand” : Ltv. (*du̯or-)dùre, dûris “fist”; Proto-Illyr. Alb. du̯o- > do- , Gk. du̯o- > do-, Ltv. du̯o- > dù-.

    Note: Clearly Root der-1 (: dōr-, der-) or dōr- : dǝr- : “hand span” derived through Root ĝhesor-1, ĝhesr- : “hand”; Root ĝhesto-2 : “hand, arm” through Illyr. intermediary. The phonetic shift kh > t, ĝh > d is a unique Alb. phonetic mutatIon. Hence Alb. dorë “hand” derived from truncated ĝhesor. The source of Root der-1 (: dōr-, der-) or dōr- : dǝr- : “hand span” is of Illyrian origin and then it spread to other languages. That means Homeric Iliad is a translation of Illyrian Iliad. The Greek translation left many Illyr. cognates of the Illyrian Iliad unchanged. There is no doubt that Gk. δῶρον “hand span” is a suffixed Illyr. dora “hand” consequently Iliad was brought to Balkan languages by Illyrians. O.Ice. tarra “ outspread “, terra ds. Only under a beginning du̯er- : dur- or du̯ōr-: du̯ǝr : dur- to justify major key-phonetical comparison with Celt. dur-no- in O.Ir. dorn “fist, hand”, Welsh dwrn “hand”, dyrnod (M.Welsh dyrnawt) ‘slap in the face, box on the ear”, dyrnaid (M.Welsh dyrneit) “ handful “, Bret. dorn “hand”, dournek “ who has big hands “; however, these words also stand off in the coloring of meaning “pursed, clenched hand, fist, fisticuff, punch” so far from Gk. that they do not demand an association with them. On the other hand for Celt. *durno- one considers relationship with Ltv. dùre, dûris “fist”; this is to Ltv. duŕu, dũru, dur̃t “prick, bump, poke” to put (compare pugnus : pungo); if so also Celt. dur-no-? compare Mũhlenbach-Endzelin I 529 and see under der-4.

    Note: From Alb.Gheg (*du̯ōr), dorë hand, (*du̯ǝr), duer pl. “hands” it seems that the oldest root was Alb. pl. (*du̯ǝr), duer pl. “hands” [conservative stem of plural forms (Alb. phonetic trait)]. Hence the original of Proto-Illyr. - Gk. idea was Root du̯ō(u) : “two” meaning two hands. That means both Root der-1 (: dōr-, der-) or dōr- : dǝr- : “hand span, hands” and Root du̯ō(u) : “two, *two hands” derived from older Anatolian languages Root ĝhesor-1, ĝhesr- : “hand” because of the common Alb. ĝh- > d- phonetic mutatIon.

    References: WP. I 794 f.